@import url("https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Host+Grotesk:ital,wght@0,300;0,400;0,500;1,300;1,400&family=Noto+Sans+SC:wght@300&family=Noto+Sans+TC:wght@300&display=swap");

/* Type and color follow Snøhetta's architecture page:
   one light grotesque, large light headings, pure black on pure white. */
:root {
  --bg: #ffffff;
  --paper: #ffffff;
  --ink: #000000;
  --muted: #000000;
  --caption: #595959;
  --line: #dfdfdf;
  --black: #000000;
  --white: #ffffff;
  --orange: #000000;
  --yellow: transparent;
  --gray: #000000;
  --light-gray: #ffffff;
  --maxw: 1080px;
  --s1: 8px;
  --s2: 12px;
  --s3: 20px;
  --s4: 28px;
  --s5: 40px;
  --s6: 56px;
  --s7: 96px;
  --radius: 0;
  --shadow: none;
  --font: "Host Grotesk", "PingFang TC", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans CNS", "Noto Sans TC", "Noto Sans SC", "Microsoft JhengHei", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif;
}

::selection {
  background: #000000;
  color: #ffffff;
}

html,
body {
  background: #ffffff;
  background-color: #ffffff;
}

body {
  color: #000000;
  font-family: var(--font);
  font-size: 18px;
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1.45;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: auto;
}

strong {
  font-weight: 500;
}

header,
body > header {
  background: #ffffff;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

nav {
  height: 58px;
  padding-left: clamp(22px, 4vw, 48px);
  padding-right: clamp(22px, 4vw, 48px);
}

.logo {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  flex: 0 0 auto;
  line-height: 0;
  color: #000000;
}

.logo img {
  height: 46px !important;
  width: auto !important;
  max-height: 46px !important;
  max-width: 42px !important;
  display: block;
  object-fit: contain;
}

.nav-links {
  gap: 22px;
}

.nav-links a {
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 300;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  text-transform: none;
  color: #000000;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.nav-links a:not(.language-switch):hover,
.nav-links a:not(.contact-btn-special):hover,
.nav-links a[aria-current="page"] {
  color: var(--ink);
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 6px;
}

.language-switch {
  color: var(--caption) !important;
  font-size: 12px !important;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  border-left-color: var(--line);
}

.language-switch:hover {
  color: var(--ink) !important;
}

.contact-btn-special {
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--ink);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 0;
  padding: 6px 12px;
  font-weight: 500;
  box-shadow: none;
}

.contact-btn-special:hover {
  transform: none;
  box-shadow: none;
  filter: none;
  border-color: var(--ink);
}

.container {
  padding-left: clamp(22px, 4vw, 48px);
  padding-right: clamp(22px, 4vw, 48px);
}

.section-title,
.news-page-hero h1 {
  font-size: clamp(32px, 3.4vw, 44px);
  font-weight: 300;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  line-height: 1.2;
  text-transform: none;
  color: #000000;
}

.section-subtitle,
.news-page-hero p {
  font-size: 18px;
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1.45;
  color: #000000;
}

.section-count {
  width: 28px;
  height: 1px;
  margin: 0 auto 22px;
  background: var(--ink);
}

.section-count::before,
.section-count::after {
  content: none;
}

.hero {
  padding: 72px 0 64px;
}

.hero-content {
  max-width: 740px;
}

.hero-eyebrow {
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.22em;
  color: var(--caption);
}

.hero-title {
  font-size: clamp(40px, 4.8vw, 56px);
  font-weight: 300;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  line-height: 1.22;
  text-transform: none;
  color: #000000;
  margin: 20px 0 32px;
}

.hero-pair {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 0 0.08em;
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  line-height: 1.05;
  transition: background-color 0.25s ease, color 0.25s ease, border-color 0.25s ease;
}

.hero-title:has(.hero-pair:hover) .hero-pair {
  background: #000000;
  border-color: #000000;
  color: #ffffff;
}

.hero-subtitle {
  max-width: 40rem;
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
  margin-bottom: 22px;
  font-size: 18px;
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1.5;
  color: #000000;
}

.hero-research-hint {
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--caption);
}

.highlight {
  background: none;
  padding: 0;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: #000000;
  white-space: nowrap;
  box-shadow: inset 0 -1px 0 var(--ink);
}

.hero .highlight {
  position: relative;
  box-shadow: none;
  padding-bottom: 2px;
  color: inherit !important;
}

.hero .highlight::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 1px;
  background: #111111;
  transform: scaleX(0);
  transform-origin: left center;
  transition: transform 0.45s cubic-bezier(0.22, 0.61, 0.36, 1);
}

.hero .highlight:hover {
  color: #000000 !important;
}

.hero .highlight:hover::after {
  transform: scaleX(1);
}

.lead-em {
  font-weight: 500;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink);
}

.btn,
.btn--primary,
.btn--secondary,
.btn--primary:hover,
.btn--secondary:hover {
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--ink);
  border: 1px solid #000000;
  border-radius: 0;
  box-shadow: none;
  padding: 10px 18px;
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 300;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  text-transform: none;
}

.btn:hover,
.btn--primary:hover,
.btn--secondary:hover {
  border-color: var(--ink);
  transform: none;
}

.hero-buttons {
  gap: 16px;
  margin-top: 8px;
}

.hero-buttons .btn {
  width: auto;
  min-width: 108px;
}

.hover-lift:not(.grant-item),
.hover-lift:not(.grant-item):hover,
.news-card:hover {
  transform: none;
  box-shadow: none;
}

.grant-item.hover-lift:hover {
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  box-shadow: none;
}

.about-lead__photo,
.team-photo,
.dfs-lead__photo,
.dfma-lead__photo {
  border-color: var(--line);
}

.about-lead .team-name,
.team-name {
  font-weight: 400;
  color: #000000;
}

.about-lead__role,
.team-role {
  display: block;
  background: none;
  color: var(--caption);
  border-radius: 0;
  padding: 0;
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.16em;
}

.team-member {
  border: none;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: transparent;
  padding: 28px 8px 8px;
  box-shadow: none;
}

.team-grid {
  gap: 36px 28px;
}

.team-period,
.grant-role {
  color: var(--caption);
  font-weight: 500;
}

.team-contact a,
.team-contact a:hover,
.team-contact a.team-contact__scholar,
.team-contact a.team-contact__scholar:hover {
  color: #8a8a8a;
  transform: none;
}

#about .about-text p,
.agenda-section__prose,
.dfs-split__prose,
.dfma-split__prose,
.dfma-context-intro {
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.75;
  color: #2c2c2c;
}

.credentials,
.dfs-lead__label,
.dfma-lead__label,
.dfs-funding__label,
.dfma-funding__label {
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.16em;
  color: var(--caption);
}

.partner-category-title {
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.16em;
}

.grant-list::before {
  width: 1px;
  background: var(--line);
}

.grant-item {
  padding: 22px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  text-align: left;
}

.grant-item .dot {
  width: 7px;
  height: 7px;
  background: var(--ink);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
  transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.grant-item:hover .dot {
  transform: translateX(-50%) scale(1.15);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
}

.grant-title,
.dfs-lead__name,
.dfma-lead__name {
  font-weight: 400;
  color: #000000;
}

.grant-date {
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--caption);
}

.contact-grid h4 {
  font-size: 11px !important;
  font-weight: 500 !important;
  letter-spacing: 0.18em !important;
  color: var(--caption);
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.contact-links a:hover {
  color: var(--ink);
}

footer,
.site-footer {
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--caption);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  text-align: center;
}

.site-footer__crosslink {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.site-footer__crosslabel,
.site-footer__copy {
  color: var(--caption);
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
}

.site-footer__link,
.site-footer__link:hover {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-weight: 500;
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 5px;
}

.back-to-top {
  width: 36px;
  height: 36px;
  background: transparent;
  background-color: transparent;
  color: var(--ink);
  border: 1px solid #d4d4d1;
  border-radius: 50%;
  font-size: 16px;
  font-weight: 400;
  box-shadow: none;
}

.back-to-top:hover {
  transform: none;
  opacity: 1;
}

.si-poster-img,
.si-poster-img:hover,
.article__cover,
.gallery__button {
  border-radius: 0;
  box-shadow: none;
}

html,
body,
main,
header,
body > header,
.hero,
.section,
.dfs-block,
.dfma-block,
.dfs-block--muted,
.dfma-block--muted,
.dfs-policy-section,
.news-section,
.news-page,
.grants,
footer {
  background: #ffffff;
  background-color: #ffffff;
}

.benchmark-title::after,
.dfs-split__heading::after,
.dfma-split__heading::after,
.dfma-chart-title::after,
.dfma-visual-caption::before {
  width: 28px;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--ink);
  border-radius: 0;
}

.dfs-split__heading,
.dfma-split__heading,
.benchmark-title,
.dfma-chart-title {
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  text-transform: none;
  font-size: clamp(22px, 2.4vw, 28px);
}

.benchmark-card,
.dfma-chart-card,
.policy-map-card,
.join-panel {
  background: transparent;
  border: none;
  border-radius: 0;
  box-shadow: none;
}

.join-panel {
  max-width: 640px;
  padding: 8px 0 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.join-panel h2,
.join-panel__label,
.join-panel a,
.join-panel a:hover {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-weight: 500;
}

.join-panel a {
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
}

html[lang="en"] .join-panel,
html[lang="en"] .join-panel p,
html[lang="en"] .join-panel li,
html[lang="en"] .join-panel strong,
html[lang="en"] .join-panel__label,
html[lang="en"] .join-panel a,
html[lang="en"] .join-panel a:hover,
html[lang="en"] .join-note {
  font-weight: 400;
}

.join-panel p {
  margin-bottom: 1.35em;
}

.join-panel p.join-panel__label {
  margin-top: 2.6em;
  margin-bottom: 0.45em;
}

.join-panel ul {
  margin-top: 0;
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.join-panel li {
  margin-bottom: 0.55em;
}

.join-panel li:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.hazards-mosaic,
.dfma-intro-mosaic {
  gap: 8px;
  border: none;
  background: transparent;
  box-shadow: none;
}

.hazards-tile::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  z-index: 1;
  height: 42%;
  background: linear-gradient(to top, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.55), transparent);
  pointer-events: none;
}

.hazards-tile__label {
  z-index: 2;
  background: transparent;
  color: #fff;
  padding: 0 0 2px;
  font-size: 10px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-shadow: none;
}

.benchmark-bar-wrap {
  height: 4px;
  border: none;
  background: #ececea;
}

.benchmark-bar,
.benchmark-dot--mandated {
  background: #e25b2a;
}

.benchmark-bar--not-mandated,
.benchmark-dot--not-mandated {
  background: #2a2a2a;
}

.benchmark-divider::before {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.benchmark-divider-label,
.dfs-block--muted .benchmark-divider-label {
  background: var(--bg);
  font-weight: 500;
}

.benchmark-divider-label,
.benchmark-legend-item,
.benchmark-label,
.benchmark-value,
.benchmark-source,
.dfma-source,
.dfma-visual-caption {
  font-weight: 500;
}

.benchmark-row:hover .benchmark-value {
  color: var(--ink);
}

.dfs-split__prose .dfs-read-more {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-weight: 500;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink);
}

.dfs-lead__person:hover .dfs-lead__photo,
.dfma-lead__person:hover .dfma-lead__photo,
.dfma-lead__chip:hover .dfma-lead__photo {
  border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.35);
  box-shadow: none;
}

.policy-map-stage {
  background: transparent;
  border-color: var(--line);
}

.policy-map-legend {
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  border-color: var(--line);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.92);
}

.policy-map-swatch--mandated {
  background: var(--ink);
}

.policy-map-detail[data-type="mandated"] {
  border-left-color: var(--ink);
}

.policy-map-swatch--guidance {
  background: #a3a3a0;
}

.policy-map-marker .policy-map-dot {
  fill: var(--ink);
  stroke: var(--ink);
}

.policy-map-marker .policy-map-pulse {
  fill: none;
  stroke: var(--ink);
}

.policy-map-marker--guidance .policy-map-dot {
  fill: #9a9a97;
}

.policy-map-marker--guidance .policy-map-pulse {
  stroke: #9a9a97;
}

.policy-map-detail {
  border-left-width: 1px;
  background: transparent;
}

.policy-map-detail[data-type="guidance"] {
  border-left-color: #9a9a97;
}

.policy-map-detail-title {
  font-weight: 500;
}

.news-section__head {
  margin-bottom: 28px;
}

.news-all-link,
.article__back {
  font-weight: 400;
  text-decoration-color: var(--ink);
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
}

.news-card__more {
  margin-top: auto;
  font-family: "Host Grotesk", "Noto Sans TC", "Noto Sans SC", "PingFang TC", "PingFang SC", sans-serif;
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 300;
  color: #000000;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.news-card__more:hover {
  color: #000000;
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
}

.news-all-link:hover,
.news-card__title a:hover {
  color: var(--ink);
}

.news-grid {
  gap: 32px 28px;
}

.news-card {
  border: none;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 0;
  background: transparent;
  box-shadow: none;
}

.news-card:focus-within,
.news-filter:focus-visible,
.news-all-link:focus-visible,
.news-card a:focus-visible,
.gallery__button:focus-visible,
.share__button:focus-visible {
  outline: 1px solid var(--ink);
  outline-offset: 3px;
}

.news-card__body {
  padding: 16px 0 4px;
}

.news-card__meta,
.article__meta {
  font-size: 12px;
  color: var(--caption);
}

.news-type {
  background: none;
  border-radius: 0;
  padding: 0;
  color: #000000;
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 300;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  text-transform: none;
}

.news-card__title,
.news-card__title a {
  font-size: 22px;
  font-weight: 300;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  color: #000000;
  line-height: 1.3;
}

.news-card__summary {
  color: #6a6a6a;
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.news-page-hero {
  padding: 72px 0 28px;
}

.news-page-hero h1 {
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  text-transform: none;
}

.news-filter {
  border: none;
  border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
  border-radius: 0;
  background: transparent;
  padding: 6px 2px;
  color: #000000;
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 300;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  text-transform: none;
}

.news-filter:hover,
.news-filter.is-active {
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--ink);
  border-bottom-color: var(--ink);
}

.article__title {
  font-weight: 300;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  line-height: 1.15;
  color: #000000;
  font-size: clamp(36px, 4.5vw, 56px);
}

.article__dek {
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.article__body {
  font-size: 18px;
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1.5;
  color: #000000;
}

.placeholder-note {
  border-left: 1px solid var(--ink);
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.share {
  border-color: var(--line);
}

.share__label,
.comments::before {
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: 0.16em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--caption);
}

.share__button {
  border: 1px solid #d4d4d1;
  border-radius: 0;
  background: transparent;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
}

.share__button:hover {
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--ink);
  border-color: var(--ink);
}

.comments {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

html[lang="zh-CN"] .news-page-hero h1,
html[lang="zh-CN"] .article__title,
html[lang="zh-CN"] .section-title,
html[lang="zh-CN"] .hero-title {
  font-weight: 300;
  color: #000000;
}

html[lang="zh-CN"] .news-card__title,
html[lang="zh-CN"] .news-card__title a,
html[lang="zh-HK"] .news-card__title,
html[lang="zh-HK"] .news-card__title a {
  font-weight: 500;
  color: #000000;
}

@media (max-width: 1100px) {
  .nav-links {
    gap: 14px;
  }

  .nav-links a {
    letter-spacing: 0.1em;
    font-size: 11px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .hero {
    padding: 40px 0 32px;
  }

  .section {
    padding: 52px 0;
  }

  .section-title,
  .news-page-hero h1 {
    font-size: 26px;
  }

  .hero-title {
    font-size: clamp(34px, 9vw, 42px);
    font-weight: 300;
  }

  .section-subtitle {
    margin-bottom: 28px;
  }

  .nav-links a {
    font-size: 16px;
    font-weight: 300;
    letter-spacing: 0;
    text-transform: none;
  }

  .menu-toggle {
    font-size: 22px;
    font-weight: 400;
  }

  .nav-links {
    background: #ffffff;
    box-shadow: none;
  }

  .team-grid {
    gap: 28px 16px;
  }

  .team-member {
    padding: 22px 4px 4px;
  }

  .grant-item {
    padding: 18px 0;
  }

  .news-page-hero,
  .article {
    padding-top: 40px;
  }

  .join-panel {
    padding-top: 4px;
  }

  .benchmark-title,
  .dfma-chart-title,
  .dfs-split__heading,
  .dfma-split__heading {
    font-size: 22px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .section {
    padding: 40px 0;
  }

  .hero {
    padding: 32px 0 24px;
  }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .hero .highlight::after,
  .hero-pair {
    transition: none;
  }

  .grant-item.hover-lift:hover {
    transform: none;
  }
}